nmt是基因功能的活體檢測(cè)技術(shù)，已被103位諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)得主所在單位，及北大、清華、中科院使用。
期刊：plant cell & environment
主題：沙冬青蟲害/鹽害交互抗性機(jī)制研究
標(biāo)題：herbivore exposure alters ion fluxes and improves salt tolerance in a desert shrub
影響因子：6.125
檢測(cè)指標(biāo)：ca2+、k+、na+、h+流速
檢測(cè)樣品：矮沙冬青
作者：北京林業(yè)大學(xué)沈應(yīng)柏、陳迎迎
文章簡(jiǎn)介
沙冬青是西北荒漠中的常綠闊葉灌木，是第三紀(jì)孑遺植物，二級(jí)瀕危物種。沙冬青生境極其惡劣，常伴隨著溫度、干旱、鹽堿、蟲害，但目前關(guān)于沙冬青生物與非生物交互抗性的研究甚少。因此，沈應(yīng)柏教授研究團(tuán)隊(duì)利用非損傷微測(cè)、激光共聚焦等技術(shù)，系統(tǒng)研究了經(jīng)昆蟲取食的沙冬青在遭受鹽脅迫時(shí)的根部離子跨膜轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)模式。該研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，昆蟲取食預(yù)處理可能通過激活opr3活性誘導(dǎo)茉莉酸的積累，茉莉酸信號(hào)途徑的激活誘導(dǎo)了胞內(nèi)ca2+的迅速積累，增強(qiáng)了質(zhì)膜h+-atpase活性，促進(jìn)了胞內(nèi)過多的na+經(jīng)由na+/h+逆向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)體的外排，同時(shí)抑制k+的流失，有助于維持細(xì)胞內(nèi)的k+/na+平衡，終增強(qiáng)沙冬青的耐鹽性。
博士研究生陳迎迎為該論文作者，沈應(yīng)柏教授為通訊作者。該研究相關(guān)工作得到自然科學(xué)基金項(xiàng)目（31270655）的資助。
英文摘要
plants have evolved complex mechanisms that allow them to withstand multiple environmental stresses, including biotic and abiotic stresses.
here, we investigated the interaction between herbivore exposure and salt stress of ammopiptanthus nanus, a desert shrub. we found that jasmonic acid (ja) was involved in plant responses to both herbivore attack and salt stress, leading to an increased nacl stress tolerance for herbivore-pretreated plants, and increase in k+/na+ ratio in roots. further evidence revealed the mechanism by which herbivore improved plant nacl tolerance. herbivore pretreatment reduced k+ efflux and increased na+ efflux in plants subjected to long-term, short-term, or transient nacl stress.
moreover, herbivore pretreatment promoted h+ efflux by increasing plasma membrane h+-atpase activity. this h+ efflux creates a transmembrane proton motive force that drives the na+/h+ antiporter to expel excess na+ into the external medium. in addition, high cytosolic ca2+ was observed in the roots of herbivore-treated plants exposed to nacl, and this effect may be regulated by h+-atpase.
taken together, herbivore exposure enhances a. nanus tolerance to salt stress by activating the ja signalling pathway, increasing plasma membrane h+-atpase activity, promoting cytosolic ca2+ accumulation, and then restricting k+ leakage and reducing na+ accumulation in the cytosol.
中文摘要（谷歌機(jī)翻）
植物已經(jīng)進(jìn)化出復(fù)雜的機(jī)制，可以承受多種環(huán)境脅迫，包括生物和非生物脅迫。
在這里，我們調(diào)查了草食動(dòng)物暴露與沙漠灌木沙冬青鹽脅迫之間的相互作用。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)茉莉酸（ja）參與了植物對(duì)食草動(dòng)物侵襲和鹽脅迫的反應(yīng)，導(dǎo)致食草動(dòng)物預(yù)處理過的植物對(duì)nacl脅迫的耐受性增加，并且根中k+ / na+比率增加。進(jìn)一步的證據(jù)揭示了草食動(dòng)物改善植物nacl耐受性的機(jī)制。草食動(dòng)物預(yù)處理可降低*，短期或短暫nacl脅迫下植物的k+流出量并增加na +流出量。
此外，草食動(dòng)物預(yù)處理通過增加質(zhì)膜h+ -atpase活性來促進(jìn)h +流出。這種h+外流產(chǎn)生跨膜質(zhì)子原動(dòng)力，該原動(dòng)力驅(qū)動(dòng)na+ / h+反向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白將過量的na+排出到外部介質(zhì)中。此外，在暴露于nacl的食草動(dòng)物處理過的植物的根部中觀察到高的胞質(zhì)ca2+，這種作用可能受h+ -atpase調(diào)節(jié)。
總之，通過激活ja信號(hào)傳導(dǎo)途徑，增加質(zhì)膜h+ -atpase活性，促進(jìn)胞質(zhì)ca2 +積累，然后限制k+泄漏并減少細(xì)胞質(zhì)中na +的積累，草食動(dòng)物暴露增強(qiáng)了南芥對(duì)鹽脅迫的耐受性。
figure 2. effects of nacl on the stable and transient flux of k+ along the a. nanus root axis (from 0 to 2000 μm from the root apex) with or without herbivore pretreatment. (a) the stable k+ flux was recorded along the axis of the root apex (0~2000 μm from the root tip) at 200-μm intervals, after long-term (lt) combined stresses (24-h he + 7-d nacl), salt stress (7-d nacl), or no stress (control). (b) the bar chart represents the mean k+ flux value of all points along the roots following the four treatments. (c) the transient k+ flux kinetics were measured at the surface of the root, 600 μm from the tip, before and after the application of 100 mm nacl. three minutes of baseline data were recorded before nacl application. the arrow indicates the time point of nacl addition. ten minutes of data were recorded after nacl application. samples were pretreated with tetraethylammonium (tea), a k+ channel blocker, for 30 min before test. (d) the mean k+ flux was calculated before (pre-exposure), immediately after (peak-response), and 10 min after (post-exposure) the nacl treatment. different letters indicate significant differences at p ≤ 0.05 (student’s t-test). data were obtained from 5–7 a. nanus individuals. error bars represent se.